What do you get when you cross the ecstatic adrenaline of a boss rush with the analytic rigor of literary analysis? Find out tomorrow only at With a Terrible Fate’s PAX East 2024 lecture: “Bosses or Villains? Studies in Enemy Design,” Friday, March 22nd, at 3:30pm ET in Bobcat Theatre!

We’re honored to offer a new contribution to PAX that promises to run the gamut of genres and game types in pursuit of a better understanding and appreciation of one of video games’ most memorable foundational elements: bosses. Whether you eagerly race to them or live in constant dread of them, bosses govern and color the way we view games both as gameplay challenges and as unique, memorable narratives—and with any luck, our studies of them will offer a new perspective through which to make sense of how gameplay and storytelling relate to each other more broadly.

This panel will not be streamed live, but we will be recording it and publishing it on our official YouTube channel later on! Read on for the official panel description, a preview of what to expect, and related game analysis with which to pregame the lecture!


Bosses or Villains? Studies in Enemy Design

When: Friday, March 22, 3:30-4:30 ET

Where: Bobcat Theatre

What: What makes the perfect video game antagonist? The enemies of video games sit at a complicated crossroads. On the one hand, they’re epic bosses: the final gameplay challenge at the end of intricate levels, testing a player’s abilities. On the other hand, they’re nuanced characters: villains that motivate the plot that shapes the stories of our favorite games. How do these two functions interact, and what does a player’s favorite kind of video game antagonist say about who they are? Join the game analysts of With a Terrible Fate as we dissect the gameplay and story contributions of infamous enemies from a wide range of games to try to get at the heart of what makes it special: from The Legend of Zelda, to Dark Souls, to Luigi’s Mansion, to Silent Hill, to Smash Bros., to Hollow Knight, to SOMA, to Pokémon, to the Tales series, EVERY kind of boss and villain is fair game!

Who: Aaron Suduiko, Founder & Chief Video Game Analyst; Dr. Matt McGill, Video Game Analyst


Our goals in this new lecture are twofold. First, through a wide range of case studies—some conventional, some unconventional, all offering pointed theses on what it means to fight a boss—we want to stretch and expand our collective intuitions about what boss fights look like and feel like, and leave us with as players. Second, we want to synthesize a new way of talking about the mechanics and characteristics of bosses as a tool to help gamers of all kinds more productively share their personal experiences of bosses with others. It’s all too easy to fall silent when we feel like we couldn’t possibly express the meaning of our specific playthrough of a game to someone else who felt differently about it; we hope to show you that gameplay, story, your experience, and your friend’s experience are all many faces of the same boss, and we’re going to give you some practical tools for using those many faces to drive to unlock a more holistic sense of the boss’s inner nature.

Looking to pregame the panel? You’re in luck: we’ve published in the past on many of the games we’ll be discussing! Follow the links below to supplement your experience before or after the panel.

Tales of the Abyss:

Hollow Knight:

Silent Hill 2:

Smash Bros.:

Dark Souls:

SOMA:

Pokémon:

We can’t wait to see you soon, PAX East, and we hope you’ll stick around to keep the conversation going after the lecture! Those discussions are a key reason that we do what we do, at PAX and everywhere else, year in and year out. Lock in your loadout, and get ready to take on some unforgettable bosses!


Aaron Suduiko

Aaron Suduiko is the Founder and Chief Video Game Analyst of With a Terrible Fate. In his capacity as a philosopher of video-game storytelling, he specializes in the relationship between player and avatar, and the myriad ways in which that relationship centrally influences the stories of video games. The heart of Suduiko's philosophy of video-game fiction is his theory of "the fictional player": according to this view, the player's role in a video game is not that of identification with the game's avatar; instead, the player plays a separate, more metaphysically foundational fictional role that makes possible events within a video game's story actual, similar to Leibniz's conception of god. Suduiko's application of this view in his analyses on With a Terrible Fate have led to novel interpretations of games such as Bloodborne, Dark Souls, Dishonored, NieR, Returnal, Xenoblade Chronicles, Bandai Namco's "Tales of" series, BioShock Infinite, Code Vein, Final Fantasy VII Remake, Ni No Kuni, and Silent Hill. The foundations of the fictional player theory may be found in the Journal of the Philosophy of Games: https://journals.uio.no/JPG/article/view/4799/5504 Suduiko graduated Harvard College in 2017 with high honors in his major, philosophy. Part of his degree included three independent studies on the storytelling of video games, advised by philosophy professors. In his senior year, he wrote an honors thesis on the ontology of video games as a storytelling object, earning high honors for the written work and highest honors for his oral defense of it. Suduiko has shared his work on the philosophy of video-game storytelling at a variety of venues, including: Harvard’s philosophy department; PAX West, PAX East, PAX South, and PAX Aus; Harvard’s annual ARTS FIRST festival; the British Society of Aesthetics’ postgraduate conference; and SUNY Oneonta’s undergraduate philosophy conference. An article adapted from a chapter of his thesis on the ontology of video-game storytelling was published in the peer-reviewed Journal of the Philosophy of Games. His work on the aesthetics of quantum mechanics in BioShock Infinite was published in Cornell’s undergraduate philosophy journal, Logos. He’s advised Harvard librarians about the literary value of video games and the need to make them available as library resources. Suduiko started analyzing video games in his senior year of high school, when he compared and contrasted the role-playing dynamics of video games and stage plays. After he started his degree in philosophy in 2014 and heard about the 3D remake of Majora’s Mask, he created With a Terrible Fate as a personal blog analyzing the philosophical and artistic value of Majora’s Mask. Since then, he’s grown With a Terrible Fate into a publication of video game analysts striving to understand the stories of video games in new, rigorous, illuminating ways. Suduiko is currently pursuing a PhD in philosophy at the University of Southern California. Beyond the direct analysis of video-game stories, his main research interests center on how the structure and dynamics of video-game stories can serve as novel models for illuminating real-world issues of practical reasoning, social context, and personal identity.

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